the left leg. It is good work of its kind,
and may be called either a Venus or, with greater likelihood, a
nymph; but it was probably mere decoration rather than a
cult-statue. Many other objects, including building-debris and
several CL.BR tiles, have been found here and hereabouts.
Mention may be made of a ring of base white metal bearing a sard
intaglio set in a collet of gold and engraved with the Greek
letters HPAKAΔHC
and a horse.67
(6) In 1915, at the corner of Market Lane and Queen
Street, the Golden Canister grocer’s shop and the two next
houses were rebuilt. At a distance of 14 yards up Market
Lane was found the north face of a wall faced with blocks of
tufa and chalk laid in black-speckled white mortar. The core of
the wall consisted largely of re-used Roman building-material
rather poorly mortared—bits of concrete, tufa, chalk, tiles,
etc., and a bearded head, of oolite, 7½ in. high. The head (P1.
IX, Nos. 1, 2) is of fair workmanship; it is probably a portrait
of late second-century date. The wall was 6 ft. thick as
preserved, but its southern face had perished. It ran westwards
under the two adjacent premises. Its base was not revealed since
it descended below the maximum depth of the cuttings (10 ft.). A
compact wedge, sloping southwards, of Roman debris (including a
CL.BR tile) lay against its southern face, and over this a great
mass of blown sand, through which had been cut an old well,
built of chalk, and other structures.
The tufa- and chalk-faced wall was also found in
making a manhole in Market Lane itself, and on the east side of
the Lane in digging a petrol pit.
(7) About 40 yards farther east and 23 yards up
Gaol Lane, during the digging of a drain for a Labour Exchange
(once Bacon’s, the clock-maker, and now Thomas’s, the
ironmonger), a mass of Roman material was found from 1½ ft.
from the pavement to a depth of 6 ft. It consisted of bits of
Roman tiles, white and pink mortar or concrete, chunks of
ragstone and tufa, a squared block of oolite, many flints and
pieces of chalk, together with oyster and other shells. An
eye-witness observed that the material ‘all seemed loosely
mortared together’; at the time it was doubtful whether the
remains were part of a wall or merely tipped rubbish. In the
light of the subsequent discovery of the wall off Market Lane
(just described) Mr. Amos now believes that the trench in Gaol
Street had cut into a continuation of this wall, which was of
somewhat similar construction. If this identification is, as it
may well be, correct, then a length of 50 yards of this
substantial, if somewhat loosely built, wall can now be
inferred. It would seem to be of Roman date; its Roman materials
are not determinate, but the wedge of Roman debris against it,
is suggestive.
(8) In 1923, on the south side of the Market
Square, under the Duchess of Kent public-house, at the point
where it adjoins the London and Westminster Bank, at the western
corner of King Street, a wall or platform of masonry about 3½
ft. high, built of flints, chalk, tufa and green sandstone with
good mortar, was found parallel to the east wall of the Duchess
of Kent, i.e. running roughly north and south to a distance of
about 15 ft. back from the north face of the building. The width
of the wall was not ascertained ; about 18 in. of it were shorn
off in the side of the trench. The surface of the
67 For the buildings, see
Arch. Journ. xxxviii, 432, and Arch. Cant. xx,
120, both far too scanty. For the statue, see Arch. Cant. xviii,
202, with date of discovery wrong. For the ring, see Arch.
Journ. xxi, 263, xxxi, , 355, and Ephemeris
Epigr. iii, 146. |