Aspects of Kentish Local History

Home
News & Events
  Publications Archaeological
Fieldwork
Local & Family
History
Information
by Parish
 


Fawkham and Ash Archaeological Group (FAAG)

The discovery and excavation of a Late Iron-Age and Early Roman Farmstead at
   Viewpoint, Wellfield, Hartley, Kent 1975/76 and 1984 TQ6084/6842

Animal Bones, oyster and snail shells

Animal Bone - where context number is underlined, indicates a link to pictures of the bone(s)
The animal bone from the excavations was kindly examined and catalogued by Albert Daniels 2012
*Two more boxes of bone were located in 2013, and catalogued by Albert Daniels & Gillian Cramp.

VP 2*    Cow broken phalange, weight 12 grams.
              Sheep radius, mid shaft, weight 5.1 grams.
              Sheep 1st molar, weight 4.4 grams.

VP 3*    Cow sized fragments x 2, weight 22.9 grams.

VP 4      Sheep burnt/boiled bone, weight 13.1 grams.

VP 4*    Cow mandibular hinge (chopped), weight 17.8 grams
              Cow sized shaft fragment, weight 12.1 grams.
              Cow metacarpus/tarsus shaft fragment, weight 13.6 grams
              Pig rib fragment, weight 1.9 grams
              Pig left scapula fragment, weight 8.8 grams.
              Pig juvenile metacarpus, distal end (burnt), weight 5 grams.
              Sheep
left tibia fragment, distal end (boiled), weight 13.2 grams.
              Sheep
left radius, proximal end (burnt), weight 4.6 grams
              Sheep juvenile long bone fragment (burnt), weight 2.5 grams.
              Sheep sized shaft fragments x 7, weight 27.1 grams.
              Horse 1st incisor, weight 6.7 grams.

VP 5 
     Sheep
burnt bone, 1 piece, weight 3.2grams.
              Cattle light coloured bone, weight, 7.7 grams.

VP 5*    Horse
metatarsus shaft (gnawed), weight 90.8 grams.
              Horse incisor, weight 6.5 grams.
              Cow long bone fragment, weight 36.6 grams.
              Sheep radius fragment, weight 4.7 grams.
              Sheep juvenile rib, weight 2.9 grams.
              Sheep molar, weight 3.4 grams.

VP 6*     Unidentified burnt
bone

VP 6       Cow left metacarpal fragment, distal end, weight 58.1grams.
               Cow unidentified fragments x 4, weight 57.2 grams.
               Sheep shaft fragments x 3, weight 15.3 grams.
               Sheep size mandible fragment, weight 3.4 grams.
 
VP 8      Sheep burnt left calcaneus, weight 3.4 grams.
              Sheep bone, 4 fragments, weight 4.3 grams
 
VP 9
      Unidentified, burnt bone, weight 3 grams.

VP 9*    Bird assemblage of unidentified bone weight 7.6 grams.
              Sheep left femur fragment, distal end, weight 8.1 grams.
              Sheep juvenile phalange, weight 0.9 grams.
              Sheep size shaft fragments x 4, weight 9.1 grams.
              Cow rib fragment, weight 11.7grams.
              Cow rib fragment, weight 4.5 grams.
              Cow pre molar, weight 6.3 grams.
              Cow sized bone fragments x 3, weight 22.9 grams.
              Pig tusk fragment, weight 2.2 grams.

VP 10*  Cow sized rib fragment, weight 20.9 grams.
              Cow sized shaft fragment, weight 10.9 grams.
              Sheep sized fragments x 4, weight 11.7 grams.
              Sheep rib fragment, weight 1.6 grams.
              Pig rib fragment, weight 3.1 grams.
              Horse incisor, weight 10.7 grams.

VP 11    Bird bone, weight, 1 gram.

VP 11*  Cow molar, M 3, weight 15.5 grams.
              Cow sized long bone fragments x 2, weight 38.6 grams.
              Cow
sized rib fragment, weight 5.4 grams.
              Sheep sized long bone fragment, weight 3.2 grams.
              Sheep juvenile fragment, weight 0.7 grams.
              Bird probably crow, tibiotarsus, distal end, weight 0.5 grams.

VP 12    Sheep burnt bone, weight, 1 gram.

VP 12*  Horse astragalus, weight 32.1 grams.
              Cow sized rib fragment, weight 25.06 grams.
              Cow sized mandible fragment, weight 8.8 grams.
              Cow sized tooth bud, weight 0.7 grams.
              Sheep shaft fragment, (burnt), weight 6.4 grams.

VP 13   Bird bone, 1 piece, weight 0.2 grams.
             Cattle bone, 4 fragments, 1 piece cut and gnawed, weight 23 grams.

VP 15   Cattle bone, 1 piece, weight 24 grams
             Sheep, 3 shaft fragments, weight 19 grams.

VP 16   Small Horse right carpus, articulated with first phalange, weight 112 grams.
             Cattle sized shaft fragments, weight 106 grams.
             Sheep, 3 fragments, weight 8 grams.
             Sheep molar, weight 2.9 grams
             Small unidentified animal bones, weight 0.5 grams

VP 17*  Cow sized shaft fragment, weight 21.2 grams.
              Sheep radius fragment, weight 6.4 grams.
              Sheep sized femur shaft fragment, weight 9.7 grams.
              Pheasant sized carpo metacarpus, 0.5 grams.

VP 18    Sheep right humerus, distal end, weight 12 grams.
              Sheep pelvis, 1 piece, weight 7 grams.

VP 19    Cattle right ulna, weight 31 grams
              Cattle skull fragment, weight 13 grams

VP 20    Sheep molar, weight 6.5 grams
              Sheep immature tibia shaft, weight 13.5 grams
              Cattle jaw fragments, weight 86 grams
              Cattle molar + premolar, weight 25 grams

VP 21    Sheep 1st phalange, weight 1.6 grams
               Tiny Bird bone, proximal end of tibiotarsus, weight 0.7 grams

VP 21*   Cow sized shaft fragment, weight 16.6 grams.
               Sheep molar, weight 7 grams.

VP 22     Sheep right tibia shaft, weight 14.2 grams.
               Pig, 1 piece of ? scapula, weight 6.4 grams.
               Cattle vertebra spinous process, weight 2.6 grams

VP 23    Sheep shaft 3 fragments, weight 14 grams.

VP23*   Sheep/pig vertebra spinous process, weight 1.4 grams.

VP 24*  Cow horn core, weight 62.9 grams.
              Cow sized vertebrae x 6, weight 132.9 grams.
              Cow rib fragments x 7, weight 41.4 grams.
              Cow mandible fragments x 3, weight 31.1 grams.
              Cow teeth x 3,( PM x 1, M x 2), weight 31.6 grams.
              Pig sized ribs x 2, weight 7.4 grams.
              Pig juvenile tusk, weight 2.2 grams.
              Horse left pelvic fragments x 2, weight 69.6 grams.
              Unidentified vertebrae fragments, weight 8.8 grams.

VP 25    Sheep vertebra 2 spinous process, weight 3.3 grams.
              Sheep 1 rib, proximal end, weight 2.5 grams.
              Cattle left tibia, distal end, weight 42.7 grams.

VP 26    Pig jaw right maxilla with molars 1, 2 & 3, weight 23.8 grams.

VP 26*  Cow mandibular hinge, weight 15.5 grams.
              Cow left radius, distal end, weight 65 grams.
              Cow skull fragments x 7, weight 78.3 grams.
              Cow sized scapula fragment, weight 12.5 grams.
              Cow pre molar, weight 5.1 grams.
              Cow molars x 2, weight 40.4 grams.
              Cow shaft fragments x 17, weight 150.6 grams.
              Horse left metacarpus fragment, distal end, weight 24.8 grams.
              Horse metatarsus, proximal end (2 pieces), weight 56.7 grams.
              Pig maxilla with P4, M1 and M2, weight 20.7 grams.
              Pig molar, M1, weight 4.7 grams.
              Pig tooth, M3 (unerupted), weight 4.4 grams.
              Pig scapula fragment, proximal end, weight 11 grams.
              Sheep phalange (juvenile), weight 2.7 grams.
              Sheep molar, weight 4 grams.
              Cat sized rib, weight 0.6 grams.
              Unidentified fragment, weight 20.8 grams.

VP 27*  Horse metatarsus, proximal end, weight 82.1 grams.
              Pig size skull fragments x 5, weight 21.5 grams.
              Pig size shaft fragments, weight 29.8 grams.

VP 28*  Cow tibia, distal end, weight 35.4 grams.
              Cow pre molar, weight 10.3 grams.
              Sheep juvenile, mandible fragments x 2, weight 21.4 grams.
              Sheep maxilla fragment, weight 7.5 grams.
              Sheep size shaft fragments x5, weight 23.3 grams.

VP 29*  Horse right ulna, proximal end, weight 39.5 grams.
              Sheep right tibia, distal end, 9.4 grams.
              Sheep ulna, proximal end, weight 11.8 grams.
              Sheep shaft fragment, weight 2.7 grams.
              Pig fibula fragment, weight 4.4 grams.
              Pig skull fragments x 3, weight 18.7 grams.
              Cow shaft fragments x 8, weight 56.3 grams.

VP 30*  Cow mandible with M3, M2, M1, and PM4, weight 146.7 grams.
              Cow teeth x 3, M3, M2, M1, weight 42.2 grams.
              Cow size pelvis fragment, weight 46.5 grams.
              Cow size left humerus shaft, weight 117.0 grams.
              Cow juvenile, metatarsus, weight 44.6 grams.
              Cow juvenile, phalange, weight 19.6 grams.
              Cow size vertebra fragment, weight 16.0 grams.
              Cow size vertebra fragments, x 2, weight 5.7 grams
              Cow/pig scapula fragment, proximal end, weight 18 grams.
              Cow size shaft fragments x 10, weight 81.4 grams.
              Unidentified fragments x 2, weight 10.9 grams.

VP 31*  Horse juvenile right radius, weight 106.6 grams
              Cow right mandibular hinge, weight 26.3 grams.
              Cow unerupted M3 (2 pieces), weight 20.4 grams.
              Pig maxilla fragment, weight 12.9 grams.

VP 32*  Cow skull fragments x 2, weight 61.7 grams.
              Cow vertebrae fragments x 8, weight 88.9 grams.
              Cow molar, weight 20.5 grams
              Cow pre-molars x 3, weight 15.5 grams.
              Cow size rib fragments x 12, weight 71.2 grams.
              Pig radius shaft frag. with ulna attached, weight 31.3 grams.
              Pig scapula fragments x 2, weight 27.7 grams.
              Pig ribs x 3, weight 11.6 grams.
              Sheep scapula fragment, weight 8.4 grams.
              Sheep molar, weight 2.9 grams.

VP 33    Cattle
right scapula proximal end, weight 104 grams.
              Unidentified burnt fragment bone, weight 1 gram.

VP 34    Cattle left metatarsal, weight 24.3 grams.
              Cattle unidentified type of bone, weight 8.7 grams
              Old cattle 1 incisor, weight 2 grams..
              Sheep/cattle smashed shaft, weight 10 grams
              Sheep humerus distal end, weight 4.2 grams
              Sheep jaw left maxilla with molars 1 & 2 & 3 premolars, weight 17 gr.
              Horse head of femur, weight 26.7 grams

VP 35   Unidentified I piece bone, weight 2.6 grams

VP 35*  Pig scapula fragment, weight 41.2 grams.
              Sheep skull fragment, weight 6.9 grams.
              Lamb mandible fragment, weight 13.4 grams.
              Cow ulna fragment, (arthritic), weight 22.8 grams.

VP 36*  Cow size right tibia fragment, weight 110.6 grams.

VP 37    Cattle vertebra possibly lumbar, weight 39 grams.
              Cattle shaft, weight 20 grams.
              Sheep shaft, weight 10 grams.
              Sheep jaw right mandible with molars 1 & 2 and premolars 3 & 4, weight 14 grams.

VP 38*   Sheep size rib fragments x 2, weight 13.8 grams.

VP 41     Cattle head of right femur, weight 104.3 grams
               Cattle left shaft of tibia, weight 102 grams.
               Cattle smashed shaft, weight 13 grams.
               Cattle jaw mandible, weight 33 grams.

VP 41*   Lamb metatarsus fragment, weight 1.7 grams.
               Sheep pelvis fragment, weight 11.4 grams.
               Cow rib fragment, weight 13.1 grams.

VP 45*   Lamb left mandible fragment, weight 15.5 grams.
               Sheep right mandibular hinge, weight 8 grams.

VP 46     Cattle Right mandible with molars 1, 2 & 3 and 2 premolars, weight 208.5 grams.
               Cattle left humerus, weight 154 grams.
               Cattle right front carpus, weight 117 grams.
               Horse right radius, weight 160 grams.
               Horse right ulna, weight 26 grams.
               Horse left shaft of tibia, weight 76 grams.
               Deer left metacarpus/tarsus, weight 16.5 grams
               Unidentified jaw mandible fragments
               Cattle 6 fragments shaft, weight 72 grams.
               Cattle 3 fragments unidentified bone, weight 30 grams.
               Cattle 4 fragments of jaw mandible, weight 80 grams.
               Cattle 3 scapula fragments, weight 96 grams.
               Sheep shaft, weight 10 grams.
               Sheep rib, weight 6.9 grams
               Sheep 3 teeth, weight 13 grams.

VP 47     Unidentified bone 4 fragments, weight 4.3 grams.

VP 47*   Cow scapula fragment, weight 33.7 grams.
               Cow size scapula fragments x 2, weight 17.9 grams.

VP 48*   Cow size vertebrae fragments x 6, weight 134.7 grams.
               Cow skull fragments x 27, weight 175 grams.
               Cow tooth, weight 10.5 grams.
               Cow metatarsus, mid shaft, weight 74.8 grams.
               Cow radius, distal end, weight 49.1 grams.
               Cow radius, distal end, weight 77.8 grams.
               Cow size shaft fragments x 3, weight 38.6 grams.
               Cow juvenile, 1st phalange, weight 9.0 grams.
               Cow metacarpal fragment, weight 21.8 grams.
               Pig left mandible fragment with PM4, M1 and M2, weight 29.9 grams.
               Pig right mandible with canine and incisor, weight 20.5 grams.
               Pig M3, (unerupted), weight 4.2 grams.
               Pig mandible fragment, weight 16.7 grams.
               Pig scapula fragment, weight 9.7 grams.
               Sheep juvenile, shaft fragment, weight 4.3 grams.
               Sheep juvenile, metacarpals x 2, weight 19 grams.

VP 50     Cattle jaw mandible, weight 48.3 grams.
               Cattle jaw mandible & teeth, weight 66.9 grams.
               Cattle rib, weight 14 grams.
               Cattle burnt tarsus, weight 9.6 grams.

VP 51     Cattle skull fragment, weight 25 grams.
               Cattle left tibia, distal end, weight 100 grams
               Cattle right metacarpus, proximal end, weight 64 grams.
               Cattle jaw left mandible, proximal end, weight 26 grams.
               Cattle rib fragment, weight 7 grams.
               Cattle 13 shaft fragments, weight 132 grams.
               Sheep skull fragment, weight 2 grams.
               Sheep right radius, distal end, weight 8 grams.
               Sheep right radius, proximal end, weight 6 grams.
               Sheep right tibia, distal end, weight 7 grams.
               Sheep newborn right humerus, weight 2 grams.
               Sheep shaft fragment, weight 8 grams.
               Sheep jaw left maxilla, P4, M1 M2, weight 7 grams.
               Sheep 5 fragments unidentified bone, weight 23 grams.
               Sheep rib, weight 8 grams.
               Pig rib, weight 11 grams.
               Unidentified burnt assorted bone, weight 40 grams.

VP 52    Unidentified. bone, weight 16.6 grams.

VP 53     Cattle/ Horse right tibia, proximal end, weight 156 grams.
               Cattle jaw part of left mandible with P 3 & P 4, weight 47 grams.
               Cattle upper molar 2, weight 15 grams.
               Cattle premolar 7.3 grams.
               Cattle part of scapula, weight 32 grams.
               Cattle part of a horn core, weight 27 grams.
               Cattle 5 fragments unidentified bone, weight 67 grams.
               Sheep right humerus, distal end, weight 38 grams.
               Sheep right femur, proximal end, unfused, weight 5 grams
               Sheep left metacarpal, weight 23 grams.
               Sheep skull fragment, weight 7 grams.
               Sheep left tibia, distal end, weight 11 grams.
               Sheep jaw, left mandible with P4, P3, M2, & M1, weight 20 grams.
               Sheep 2 fragments of vertebra, weight 14 grams.
               Sheep newborn, left humerus, weight 2 grams.
               Sheep 4 fragments unidentified bone, weight 4 grams.
               Pig young, jaw, right maxilla with deciduous DP1, DP2, DP3, DP4, M1,(9 erupting).
                   Wt 16 grams
               Pig rib fragment, weight 4 grams.

VP 53*   Sheep vertebra fragment (burnt), weight 2.1 grams.

VP 54     Sheep jaw, left mandible with P4, M1,M2, M3, weight 26 grams.
               Sheep left tibia fragment, weight 15 grams.

VP 55     Sheep ? skull fragment, weight 13 grams.

VP 61     Cattle left metacarpal, proximal end, weight 83 grams
               Cattle 2 shaft fragments, weight 26 grams.

VP 62     Sheep 7 fragments unidentified bone, weight 12 grams.

VP 64     Horse partial right pelvis, weight 81 grams.
               Horse partial right femur, distal end, weight 187 grams.
               Horse partial right femur, proximal end, weight 60 grams.
               Sheep 4 shaft fragments, weight 13 grams.
               Sheep 5 teeth, weight 14 grams.
               Sheep 4 fragments of burnt bone, weight 14 grams.
               Cattle 5 shaft fragments, weight 18 grams.

VP No context
                Cow
size right humerus, distal end, weight 20.5 grams.
                Cow left ulna, proximal end, weight 32.7 grams.
                Cow mandibular hinge, weight 24 grams
                Cow size skull fragments x 2, weight 11 grams
                Pig size scapula fragments x 2, weight 22.6 grams. 
                Sheep size shaft fragments x 2, weight 11 grams.
                Sheep humerus, distal end, weight 12.8 grams.

Oyster Shell

VP 4    6 shells, plus 7 fragments
VP 6    1 shell
VP10   4 shells, plus 6 fragments
VP11    2 shells
VP22    2 shells, plus 3 fragments

VP24     1 shell
VP26     1 shell
VP29     1 shell
VP32     2 shells
VP37     1 shell, plus 3 fragments

VP41     3 shells
VP53      1 shell
VP61      2 fragments
VP62      2 fragments
VP64      2 shells, plus 1 fragment

Snail Shells

VP  4   1 shell
VP  5    1 shell
VP  9    7 shells
VP11    1 shell

VP22    1 shell
VP23     1 shell
VP37     3 shells
VP41     1 shell

VP61      3 shells
VP62      2 shells
VP64      4 mussel? shells

Back to Contents Page       Return to Fawkham and Ash Archaeological Group (FAAG) Introduction

This website is constructed by enthusiastic amateurs. Any errors noticed by other researchers will be to gratefully received
 so that we can amend our pages to give as accurate a record as possible. Please send details too localhistory@tedconnell.org.uk